Rhyming slang is a form of slang word construction in English using rhymes. This is especially true in the UK, Ireland and Australia. It began in the early 19th century in the East End of London; then the alternate name, Cockney rhyming slang . In the United States, especially the Under the West Coast criminal world between 1880 and 1920, the rhine slang is sometimes known as the Australian slang .
The construction of a rhinial tube involves replacing a common word with a phrase of two or more words, the last rhyme with the original word; then, in almost all cases, eliminates, from the end of the sentence, the secondary rhyme (which is subsequently implied), making the origin and meaning of the phrase elusive to the listener unknown.
Video Rhyming slang
Example
The following form is made clear with the following example. The rhyming phrase "apples and pears" evolved into "stairs". Following the pattern of negligence, "and pear" was dropped, so the phrase pronounced "I'm riding apple" means "I go up the stairs".
The following is a common example of this phrase:
Thus the construction of the following types can be imagined to appear: "It almost dropped me my plate - he was wearing syrup! So I ran the apple, directly on my dog ​​problem and said I could not trust my mincers."
In some instances, subsequent meanings are obscured by adding the second iteration of rhyme and truncation to the original rhyming phrase. For example, the word "Aris" is often used to show the buttocks. This is the result of a double rhyme, starting with the original rough synonym "ass", which is strung together with "bottle and glass", leading to "bottle". "Bottle" is then interspersed with "Aristotle" and cut into "Aris".
Phonetic versus fono-semantic forms
Ghil'ad Zuckermann, a linguist and revivalist, has proposed the distinction between rhyming slang by sound, and rhyming fono-semantic verse, which includes the semantic relationship between the slang expressions and the references (referring to). Examples of rhyming slang based on sound only are "tea leaves" Cockney (thief). One example of the phonological-semantic phantom slang is Cockney "sad tale" ((three months in prison), in which case the person combining the slang term sees the semantic, sometimes jocular, relationship between the Cockney expressions and the reference.
Mainstream usage
The use of rhyming slang has spread beyond pure dialectal and some examples can be found in the major English English lexicon, although many users may not be aware of the origin of the words.
- The "raspberry blowing" expression comes from "raspberry tart" to "fart".
- Another example is "berk", a light betrayal that is widely used in the UK and is usually not considered very offensive, although its origin lies in the contraction of "Berkeley Hunt", as rhyme for a much more offensive "cunt".
- Another example is "having a butcher" to look around, from "butcher hooks".
Most of the words changed by this process are nouns, but some are adjectives eg. "bal" cotton (rotten), or adjective phrase "on tod someone" to "on yourself", after Tod Sloan, a famous jockey.
Maps Rhyming slang
History
The ryming slang is believed to have originated in the mid-19th century in the East End of London, with some sources showing some time in the 1840s. According to the dictionary Routledge slang from 1972, the English rhyming slang language dates from about 1840 and appears in the East End of London; John Camden Hotten's 1859 The Modern Dictionary of Slang, Cant, and Vulgar Words also states that it dates from the 1840s ("about twelve or fifteen years ago"), but with "chaunters" and "patterers" in the area of ​​Seven Dials in London. The reference is to sellers of certain types, chaunters who sell sheet music and sculptors offer cheap and tacky goods at exhibitions and markets across the country. Hotten's
It remains a matter of speculation whether rhyme slang is a linguistic accident, game, or cryptolect developed deliberately to confuse the locals. If intentional, it may also have been used to maintain a sense of community, or to enable traders to talk among themselves in the marketplace to facilitate collusion, without customers knowing what they say, or by criminals to confuse the police (see thief) 'can not).
British academician, lexicographer, and British radio personality, Terence Dolan, has suggested that slang may have been created by Irish immigrants to London "so the real English will not understand what they are talking about."
Development
Many examples of rhyming slang are based on locations in London, such as "Peckham Rye", meaning "tie" (as in a tie), dating from the late 19th century; "Hampstead Heath", meaning "tooth" (usually as "Hampsteads"), which was first recorded in 1887; and "Barnet Fair", meaning "hair", dating from the 1850s.
In the mid-twentieth century many rhymes of rhymes use the names of contemporary personalities, especially actors and players: eg "Gregory Peck" meaning "neck" and also "check"; "Ruby Murray" which means "curry"; "Alans", which means "pants" from Alan Whicker; "Max Miller" which means "pillow" when pronounced/'pill?/And "Henry Halls" for "ball (testicles)".
The use of personal names as rhyme continued into the late 20th century, such as "Tony Blairs" which means "flare", as in the pants with a wide bottom (formerly "Lionel Blairs" and this change illustrates the ongoing mutation of the form form of expression) and "Britney Spears", meaning "beer".
Many examples have gone into common usage. Some substitutions have become relatively widespread in the UK in the form of their contracts. "To have a butcher", meaning to look, comes from "butcher hooks", an S-shaped hook used by butchers to hang meat, and dating from the late 19th century but has existed independently in general use from around 1930 just as a "butcher". Similarly, "use your bread", which means "use your head", comes from "bread" and also comes from the late 19th century but began to be used independently in the 1930s. To "have a giraffe" is usually used for "laugh".
In some cases, there is a false etymology. For example, the term "barney" has been used to mean fights or fights since the late nineteenth century, albeit without any obvious derivation. In the feature film 2001 Ocean's Eleven , the explanation for this term comes from Barney Rubble, the cartoon character name of the Flintstones television program a few decades later at the origin, and the explanation is clearly wrong.
Regional and international variations
Slang ryming is used primarily in London in England but can be understood to some degree throughout the country. Some constructions, however, rely on particular regional accents for rhymes to work. For example, the term "Charing Cross" (a place in London), used to mean "horse" since the mid-19th century, does not work for speakers without much fabric splits, common in London at the time but not now. A similar example is "Joanna" which means "piano", which is based on the pronunciation of "piano" as "pianna" . Unique formations also exist in other parts of the UK, such as in the East Midlands, where local accents have formed "Derby Road", which rhymes with "cold".
Outside the UK, slang is used in many English-speaking countries of the Commonwealth of Nations, with local variations. For example, in Australian slang, the English term is "pommy", which has been suggested as a rhyme of "rhymes" that rhymes with "immigrants".
Such hill clumps are not commonly used in the United States, but some important exceptions include:
- "bread" [bread & amp; honey = money]
- "blow raspberries" [raspberry tart = fart]
- "put your adipati" [Duke of York = fork, slang term Cockney for "boxing"]
- "brass tacks" [facts]
Rhyming hoses continue to grow, and new phrases are introduced all the time; the new personality replaces the old - pop culture introduces new words - as in "I do not have Scooby" (from Scooby Doo, an epic cartoon dog from a cartoon series) meaning "I have no clue".
Taboo requirements
Rhyming tubes are often used in lieu of words that are considered taboo, often as long as the relationship with taboo becomes unknown from time to time. "Berk" (often used to mean "fools") comes from the most famous of all the fox hunts, "Berkeley Hunt" meaning "vagina"; The "cobbler" (often used in the context of "what you say is rubbish") comes from a "cobbler", which means "ball" (as in his testicles); and "hampton" which means "puncture" (as in the penis) comes from "Hampton Wick" (a place in London).
Less taboo terms include "pony and trap" for "bullshit" (like a bowel movement, but often used to indicate nonsense or low quality); to blow raspberries (rude voice of scorn) from raspberry tart to "fart"; "D'Oyly Carte (an opera company) to" fart ";" Jimmy Riddle "for" piddle "," J. Arthur Rank "(a movie mogul)," Jodrell Bank "or" ham shank "for" wank "," Bristol Cities " (contracted to 'Bristols') for "titties", etc. " Taking Mick "or" taking Mickey "is considered a form of slang rhyme from" pick up piss ", where" Mick "comes from" Mickey Bliss ".
Jewish slang terms for the Jews include "Chelsea Blue", "Stick of Glue", "Four by Two", "Buckle my shoe", and "Front Wheel Skid", which is a more mysterious form of derogatory term "Yid "(That itself comes from the Yiddish word for a Jew).
In December 2004 Joe Pasquale, winner of ITV's fourth series I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! , became famous for the frequent use of the term "Jacobs", because of Jacob's Crackers, a slang rhyming term for knackers ie testes.
In popular culture
In the movie
In the movie, Cary Grant's character taught rhyme slang to her female friends in the movie . Lucky (1943), describing it as an 'Australian rhyme slang'. Ryming slang is also used and portrayed in the 1967 movie "To Sir, with Love" screen starring Sidney Poitier, where British students tell their foreign teachers that slang is a hindrance and something for parents. The closing song of the 1969 crime offender, The Italian Job , ("Getta Bloomin 'Move On" a.k.a. "The Self Preservation Society") contains many slang terms.
In feature films later, the rhyme slang will be used to lend the authenticity of the East End settings. Examples include Locks, Stocks and Two Smoking Barrels (1998) (where slang is translated by translation in one scene); The Limey (1999); Sexy Beast (2000); Snatch (2000); Ocean's Eleven (2001); and Austin Powers in Goldmember (2002); It's All Gone Pete Tong (2004), after BBC radio disc jockey Pete Tong whose name is used in this context as a rhyming slang for "wrong"; Green Street Hooligans (2005). In Margin Call 2011, Will Emerson, played by London-born actor Paul Bettany, asked a friend on the phone, "What's the problem and the dispute?" ("wife").
The film Cockneys vs. Zombies (2012) mocks the origin of the term slang rhyming when Cockney characters call zombie "Trafalgars" even to confuse his Cockney people; he then explains it thus: " Trafalgar square - foxes and rabbits - hairy cheeks - five days a week - weak and weak - needles and needles and stitches - Abercrombie and Fitch - Abercrombie: zombies ".
Television
One of the earliest US shows to regularly feature a rhyme slang was a Saturday morning children's show. The Bugaloos (1970-72), with the Harmony character (Wayne Laryea) often incorporated it in his dialogue.
In England, the rhyming slang has a revival of popular interest that began in the 1970s, resulting from its use in a number of London-based television programs such as Steptoe and Son (1970-74); and Not On Your Nellie (1974-75), starring Hylda Baker as Nellie Pickersgill, alludes to the phrase "not to your Nellie Duff", rima slang for "not on your head" ie not on your life. Similarly, The Sweeney (1975-78) refers to the phrase "Sweeney Todd" for "Flying Squad", the rapid response unit of the London Metropolitan Police. In the Fall and Revival of Reginald Perrin (1976-79), a comic twist was added to rhyme slang by means of fake and fake instances in which a young man struggled to explain to his father (eg 'Dustbins' which means 'children', as in 'trash' = 'children'; 'Teds' becomes 'Ted Heath' and thus 'teeth'; and even 'Chitty Chitty' becomes 'Chitty Chitty Bang Bang', and thus 'rhyming slang'...). It was also featured in the episode of The Good Life in the first season (1975) where Tom and Barbara bought a variety of wood burning from a garbage dealer called Sam, who mocks his language in fake slang in the hope of getting higher payouts. He comes up with a fake story about the origin of the Cockney Rhyming slang and gets trapped rather quickly. In the episode of The Jeffersons season 2 (1976) "The Breakup: Part 2", Mr. Bentley explains Cockney's rhyme to George Jefferson, in "whistle and flute" meaning "suit", "apple and pear" means "ladder", "meat plate" means "foot".
The use of the rhyme slang also stands out in your Language Mind (1977-79), Citizen Smith (1977-80), Reminder (1979) -94 ), Only Fools and Horses (1981-91), and EastEnders (1985-). Minder can be very uncompromising in the use of unclear forms without any clarification. So non-Cockney viewers are obliged to conclude that, say, "iron" is a "homosexual man" ('iron' = 'iron nail' = 'poof'). One episode in Series 5 of Steptoe and Son is titled "Any Old Iron", for the same reason, when Albert thought that Harold was 'on the turn'.
Music
In popular music, Spike Jones and City Slickers recorded "So 'Elp Me", based on the rhyme slang, in 1950. The 1967 Kinks song "Harry Rag" is based on the use of Harry Wragg's name as a rhyme slang for "fag" (ie a cigarette). Idiom made a brief appearance in British DJ reggae music in the 1980s in the hit Cockney Translation by Smiley Culture of South London; this was followed a few years later by Domenick and Peter Metro's "Cockney and Yardie". London-based artists such as Audio Bullys and Chas & amp; Dave (and others from elsewhere in the UK, like The Streets, originally from Birmingham) often use rhyme slang in their songs.
M.C. English-born MF Doom released an ode titled "Rhymin 'Slang", having settled in the UK in 2010. The song was released on the 2012 album JJ Doom album Keys to the Kuffs .
Literature
In modern literature, the Cockney rhyme slang is often used in the novel and short stories of Kim Newman, for example in the collection of short stories "The Man of the Diogenes Club" (2006) and "Secret Files of Diogenes Club" (2007), which are described at the end of each book. In Terry Pratchett's novel Moving Image , this slang is also often used.
Sports
In Scottish football, a number of clubs have a nickname taken from a rhyming slang. Partick Thistle is known as "Harry Rags", taken from the rhyme slang from their "official" nickname "the jags". Rangers is known as "Teddy Bears", derived from the slang rhyming language for "the Gers" (short version of Ran-gers). Heart of Midlothian is known as "Jambos", which comes from "Jam Tarts" which is a rhyming slang for "Hearts" which is a common abbreviation of the Club name. Hibernian is also referred to as "Cabbage" which comes from Cabbage and Ribs into a rhyme slang for Hibs.
Politics
British junior doctors have helped popularize slang for Secretary of State for Health, Jeremy Hunt, amid a dispute over a new contract that has been imposed on them. It's also supported in tweets by James Blunt.
See also
References
External links
- "Have a barney", bulletin board discussion at Phrases.org.uk
- For Master With Love, on YouTube.com
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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