Metatarsal bones

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The metatarsal bones , or metatarsus are a group of five long bones in the legs, located between the tarsal bones of the back and mid legs and the phalanx of the toes. Lack of individual names, metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (the big toe side): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsals (often depicted with Roman numerals). Metatarsal analogous to hand metacarpal bone. The length of the metatarsal bone in humans, in descending order: second, third, fourth, fifth and first.

Video Metatarsal bones

Structure

The fifth metatarsal is a convex long spine consisting of a trunk or body, the base (proximal), and the head (distal). The body in the form of prismaoid, gradually shrinking from tarsal to extremist, and curved longitudinally, so that it becomes concave beneath, slightly convex above. The base or posterior limb is wedge-shaped, articulating proximal to the tarsal bone, and on its sides with adjacent metatarsal bone: the back surface and the rough plantar for ligament adhesion. The distal head or extremity presents a convex articular surface, oblong from top to bottom, and extends further backward than above. The sides are flattened, and on each is depression, overcome by the tubercle, for attached ligaments. The plantar surface is antero-posterior grooved for flexor tendon running, and is marked on both sides by continuous articular eminence with terminal articular surface.

During growth, the growth plate lies deep in the metatarsal, except in the first metatarsal where it is proximal. However it is very common to have accessory growth plates on the first distal metatarsal section.

Articulation

The basis of each metatarsal bone articulates with one or more tarsal bones in the tarsometatarsal joint, and the head with one of the first rows of phalanges at the metatarsophenangeal joint. Their base also articulates each other on intermetatarsal joints

• The first metatarsal articulates with a medial tapered, and up to a small boundary to the tapered medium.
• the second with the third cuneiform.
• the third with the lateral cuneiform.
• the fourth with a lateral and cube-shaped cuneiform.
• The fifth with a cube.

Muscle ties

Maps Metatarsal bones

Clinical interests

Injuries

Metatarsal bones are often broken by associations of soccer players. These and other recent cases have been attributed to the lightweight design of modern soccer boots, which provide less protection to the feet. In 2010, some football players began testing new socks that incorporate rubber silicone pads on the feet to provide protection to the top of the foot. Stress fractures are estimated to cause 16% of injuries related to sports participation, and metatarsals are the bones most commonly involved. This fracture is sometimes called a march fracture, based on their traditional relationship with military recruits after long marches. The second and third metatarsals are set while walking, so this metatarsal is a public place of injury. The fifth metatarsal can be cracked if the foot is paralyzed during movement.

Protection from injury may be provided with the use of safety footwear that can use either built-in or removable metatarsal shields.

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Additional images

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See also

• Arch of the foot
• ball (feet)
• Bone terminology
• Term for anatomical location
• Jones fracture

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Note

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References

• Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. ISBN: 3-13-533305-1.
• Gray, Henry (1918). "6d 2. Metatarsus". Anatomy of the Human Body . Bartleby.com.

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External links

• Anatomist: 16: 01-05 in Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center

Source of the article : Wikipedia